Los Angeles, Jan 15 (IANS): The pandemic may have completely up-ended the music industry's traditional business model, but artistes found all kinds of ways to make many millions of dollars in 2021, according to 'Variety'.

And the big winners were nearly all white and male, if one goes by a '10 Highest Paid Musicians' list published by 'Rolling Stone' magazine on Friday (US Time).

Jay-Z, Kanye West and Taylor Swift are the three exceptions in the list that includes Paul Simon, Ryan Tedder, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Lindsey Buckingham, Motley Crue and Blake Shelton.

Created by former Forbes correspondent Zack O'Malley Greenburg, the list features several artistes who cashed in their song catalogues for nine-figure sums last year.

The leader of the pack, reports 'Variety', was Bruce Springsteen, who not only sold his publishing and recorded-music rights to Sony Music in December for a figure sources say was around $550 million, but also was the rare performer to make a healthy sum from live performances, with his 'Springsteen on Broadway' summer reprise.

Seven of the 10 made the list based on catalogue sales, with the only exceptions being Jay-Z, Kanye West, and Taylor Swift, who had big years either with non-music ventures, such as West's Yeezy shoe empire, or Jay's sale of half of his champagne line.

Or, to quote 'Variety', it was a "bounty of heavily streamed and sold music", as in the case of Swift's four albums released in just 18 months (along with lucrative partnerships with Peloton and Starbucks). Also notable is a previously undisclosed $50-million catalogue deal from Blake Shelton.

"And in a sad reflection of the state of the world, apart from those exceptions, the list is all older white men -- with Stevie Nicks, who struck a $100-million catalogue deal with Primary Wave, just missing the cutoff," concludes 'Variety'. The top 10's total take? $2.3 billion.